聚合物膜离子选择性电极传感新方法研究进展

Traditional ion-selective electrodes (ISEs), as one type of potentiometric sensors, respond to ion activity changes via the membrane potentials following the Nernst equation. In recent years, the ISEs with polymeric membranes as sensitive elements have been extensively investigated. The transduction modes of these ISEs have been developed from the zero-current potentiometry to many new sensing strategies such as amperometry, coulometry, chronopotentiometry, ion-transfer voltammetry and optical methodologies. These new readout principles can be used to improve the analytical performances of the polymeric membrane ISEs and expand their applications. This article reviews the recent trends in the development of the new sensing strategies for polymeric membrane ISEs. The readout principles and the practical applications of these sensing methods have been described and discussed. In addition, this review provides the outlook of the future research directions in this field.