Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) deficiency accelerates memory dysfunction through altering amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is a widely expressed lipid transfer protein participating in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids in the plasma and peripheral tissues. Recently, elevated amyloid β (Aβ) in young and aged PLTP-deficient brains had been reported. However, the role of PLTP in amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology remains elusive. Here we first found that deficiency of PLTP accelerated memory dysfunction in APP/PS1?E9 AD model mice at the age of 3 months. Further characterization showed that PLTP deficiency increased soluble Aβ peptides, and intracellular accumulation of Aβ was illustrated, which might be due to disrupted APP turnover and the enhanced amyloidogenic pathway. Besides, reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was found in PLTP-deficient APP/PS1?E9 mice, and the BDNF level was negatively correlated with Aβ42 content, instead of Aβ40 content. In addition, autophagic dysfunction was found in the PLTP-deficient APP/PS1?E9 mice. Our data presented a novel model to link phospholipid metabolismto APP processing and also suggested that PLTP played an important role in Aβ metabolism and would be useful to further elucidate functions of PLTP in AD susceptibility.